Source: packages/accessibility/src/AccessibilityManager.js

packages/accessibility/src/AccessibilityManager.js

import { DisplayObject } from '@pixi/display';
import { isMobile, removeItems } from '@pixi/utils';
import { accessibleTarget } from './accessibleTarget';
// add some extra variables to the container..
DisplayObject.mixin(accessibleTarget);
const KEY_CODE_TAB = 9;
const DIV_TOUCH_SIZE = 100;
const DIV_TOUCH_POS_X = 0;
const DIV_TOUCH_POS_Y = 0;
const DIV_TOUCH_ZINDEX = 2;
const DIV_HOOK_SIZE = 1;
const DIV_HOOK_POS_X = -1000;
const DIV_HOOK_POS_Y = -1000;
const DIV_HOOK_ZINDEX = 2;
/**
 * The Accessibility manager recreates the ability to tab and have content read by screen readers.
 * This is very important as it can possibly help people with disabilities access PixiJS content.
 *
 * A DisplayObject can be made accessible just like it can be made interactive. This manager will map the
 * events as if the mouse was being used, minimizing the effort required to implement.
 *
 * An instance of this class is automatically created by default, and can be found at `renderer.plugins.accessibility`
 *
 * @class
 * @memberof PIXI
 */
export class AccessibilityManager {
    /**
     * @param {PIXI.CanvasRenderer|PIXI.Renderer} renderer - A reference to the current renderer
     */
    constructor(renderer) {
        /**
         * @type {?HTMLElement}
         * @private
         */
        this._hookDiv = null;
        if (isMobile.tablet || isMobile.phone) {
            this.createTouchHook();
        }
        // first we create a div that will sit over the PixiJS element. This is where the div overlays will go.
        const div = document.createElement('div');
        div.style.width = `${DIV_TOUCH_SIZE}px`;
        div.style.height = `${DIV_TOUCH_SIZE}px`;
        div.style.position = 'absolute';
        div.style.top = `${DIV_TOUCH_POS_X}px`;
        div.style.left = `${DIV_TOUCH_POS_Y}px`;
        div.style.zIndex = DIV_TOUCH_ZINDEX.toString();
        /**
         * This is the dom element that will sit over the PixiJS element. This is where the div overlays will go.
         *
         * @type {HTMLElement}
         * @private
         */
        this.div = div;
        /**
         * A simple pool for storing divs.
         *
         * @type {*}
         * @private
         */
        this.pool = [];
        /**
         * This is a tick used to check if an object is no longer being rendered.
         *
         * @type {Number}
         * @private
         */
        this.renderId = 0;
        /**
         * Setting this to true will visually show the divs.
         *
         * @type {boolean}
         */
        this.debug = false;
        /**
         * The renderer this accessibility manager works for.
         *
         * @member {PIXI.AbstractRenderer}
         */
        this.renderer = renderer;
        /**
         * The array of currently active accessible items.
         *
         * @member {Array<*>}
         * @private
         */
        this.children = [];
        /**
         * pre-bind the functions
         *
         * @type {Function}
         * @private
         */
        this._onKeyDown = this._onKeyDown.bind(this);
        /**
         * pre-bind the functions
         *
         * @type {Function}
         * @private
         */
        this._onMouseMove = this._onMouseMove.bind(this);
        this._isActive = false;
        this._isMobileAccessibility = false;
        /**
         * count to throttle div updates on android devices
         * @type number
         * @private
         */
        this.androidUpdateCount = 0;
        /**
         * the frequency to update the div elements ()
         * @private
         */
        this.androidUpdateFrequency = 500; // 2fps
        // let listen for tab.. once pressed we can fire up and show the accessibility layer
        window.addEventListener('keydown', this._onKeyDown, false);
    }
    /**
     * A flag
     * @member {boolean}
     * @readonly
     */
    get isActive() {
        return this._isActive;
    }
    /**
     * A flag
     * @member {boolean}
     * @readonly
     */
    get isMobileAccessibility() {
        return this._isMobileAccessibility;
    }
    /**
     * Creates the touch hooks.
     *
     * @private
     */
    createTouchHook() {
        const hookDiv = document.createElement('button');
        hookDiv.style.width = `${DIV_HOOK_SIZE}px`;
        hookDiv.style.height = `${DIV_HOOK_SIZE}px`;
        hookDiv.style.position = 'absolute';
        hookDiv.style.top = `${DIV_HOOK_POS_X}px`;
        hookDiv.style.left = `${DIV_HOOK_POS_Y}px`;
        hookDiv.style.zIndex = DIV_HOOK_ZINDEX.toString();
        hookDiv.style.backgroundColor = '#FF0000';
        hookDiv.title = 'select to enable accessability for this content';
        hookDiv.addEventListener('focus', () => {
            this._isMobileAccessibility = true;
            this.activate();
            this.destroyTouchHook();
        });
        document.body.appendChild(hookDiv);
        this._hookDiv = hookDiv;
    }
    /**
     * Destroys the touch hooks.
     *
     * @private
     */
    destroyTouchHook() {
        if (!this._hookDiv) {
            return;
        }
        document.body.removeChild(this._hookDiv);
        this._hookDiv = null;
    }
    /**
     * Activating will cause the Accessibility layer to be shown.
     * This is called when a user presses the tab key.
     *
     * @private
     */
    activate() {
        if (this._isActive) {
            return;
        }
        this._isActive = true;
        window.document.addEventListener('mousemove', this._onMouseMove, true);
        window.removeEventListener('keydown', this._onKeyDown, false);
        // TODO: Remove casting when CanvasRenderer is converted
        this.renderer.on('postrender', this.update, this);
        if (this.renderer.view.parentNode) {
            this.renderer.view.parentNode.appendChild(this.div);
        }
    }
    /**
     * Deactivating will cause the Accessibility layer to be hidden.
     * This is called when a user moves the mouse.
     *
     * @private
     */
    deactivate() {
        if (!this._isActive || this._isMobileAccessibility) {
            return;
        }
        this._isActive = false;
        window.document.removeEventListener('mousemove', this._onMouseMove, true);
        window.addEventListener('keydown', this._onKeyDown, false);
        // TODO: Remove casting when CanvasRenderer is converted
        this.renderer.off('postrender', this.update);
        if (this.div.parentNode) {
            this.div.parentNode.removeChild(this.div);
        }
    }
    /**
     * This recursive function will run through the scene graph and add any new accessible objects to the DOM layer.
     *
     * @private
     * @param {PIXI.Container} displayObject - The DisplayObject to check.
     */
    updateAccessibleObjects(displayObject) {
        if (!displayObject.visible || !displayObject.accessibleChildren) {
            return;
        }
        if (displayObject.accessible && displayObject.interactive) {
            if (!displayObject._accessibleActive) {
                this.addChild(displayObject);
            }
            displayObject.renderId = this.renderId;
        }
        const children = displayObject.children;
        for (let i = 0; i < children.length; i++) {
            this.updateAccessibleObjects(children[i]);
        }
    }
    /**
     * Before each render this function will ensure that all divs are mapped correctly to their DisplayObjects.
     *
     * @private
     */
    update() {
        /* On Android default web browser, tab order seems to be calculated by position rather than tabIndex,
        *  moving buttons can cause focus to flicker between two buttons making it hard/impossible to navigate,
        *  so I am just running update every half a second, seems to fix it.
        */
        const now = performance.now();
        if (isMobile.android.device && now < this.androidUpdateCount) {
            return;
        }
        this.androidUpdateCount = now + this.androidUpdateFrequency;
        if (!this.renderer.renderingToScreen) {
            return;
        }
        // update children...
        if (this.renderer._lastObjectRendered) {
            this.updateAccessibleObjects(this.renderer._lastObjectRendered);
        }
        // TODO: Remove casting when CanvasRenderer is converted
        const rect = this.renderer.view.getBoundingClientRect();
        const resolution = this.renderer.resolution;
        const sx = (rect.width / this.renderer.width) * resolution;
        const sy = (rect.height / this.renderer.height) * resolution;
        let div = this.div;
        div.style.left = `${rect.left}px`;
        div.style.top = `${rect.top}px`;
        div.style.width = `${this.renderer.width}px`;
        div.style.height = `${this.renderer.height}px`;
        for (let i = 0; i < this.children.length; i++) {
            const child = this.children[i];
            if (child.renderId !== this.renderId) {
                child._accessibleActive = false;
                removeItems(this.children, i, 1);
                this.div.removeChild(child._accessibleDiv);
                this.pool.push(child._accessibleDiv);
                child._accessibleDiv = null;
                i--;
            }
            else {
                // map div to display..
                div = child._accessibleDiv;
                let hitArea = child.hitArea;
                const wt = child.worldTransform;
                if (child.hitArea) {
                    div.style.left = `${(wt.tx + (hitArea.x * wt.a)) * sx}px`;
                    div.style.top = `${(wt.ty + (hitArea.y * wt.d)) * sy}px`;
                    div.style.width = `${hitArea.width * wt.a * sx}px`;
                    div.style.height = `${hitArea.height * wt.d * sy}px`;
                }
                else {
                    hitArea = child.getBounds();
                    this.capHitArea(hitArea);
                    div.style.left = `${hitArea.x * sx}px`;
                    div.style.top = `${hitArea.y * sy}px`;
                    div.style.width = `${hitArea.width * sx}px`;
                    div.style.height = `${hitArea.height * sy}px`;
                    // update button titles and hints if they exist and they've changed
                    if (div.title !== child.accessibleTitle && child.accessibleTitle !== null) {
                        div.title = child.accessibleTitle;
                    }
                    if (div.getAttribute('aria-label') !== child.accessibleHint
                        && child.accessibleHint !== null) {
                        div.setAttribute('aria-label', child.accessibleHint);
                    }
                }
                // the title or index may have changed, if so lets update it!
                if (child.accessibleTitle !== div.title || child.tabIndex !== div.tabIndex) {
                    div.title = child.accessibleTitle;
                    div.tabIndex = child.tabIndex;
                    if (this.debug)
                        this.updateDebugHTML(div);
                }
            }
        }
        // increment the render id..
        this.renderId++;
    }
    /**
     * private function that will visually add the information to the
     * accessability div
     *
     * @param {HTMLElement} div
     */
    updateDebugHTML(div) {
        div.innerHTML = `type: ${div.type}</br> title : ${div.title}</br> tabIndex: ${div.tabIndex}`;
    }
    /**
     * Adjust the hit area based on the bounds of a display object
     *
     * @param {PIXI.Rectangle} hitArea - Bounds of the child
     */
    capHitArea(hitArea) {
        if (hitArea.x < 0) {
            hitArea.width += hitArea.x;
            hitArea.x = 0;
        }
        if (hitArea.y < 0) {
            hitArea.height += hitArea.y;
            hitArea.y = 0;
        }
        // TODO: Remove casting when CanvasRenderer is converted
        if (hitArea.x + hitArea.width > this.renderer.width) {
            hitArea.width = this.renderer.width - hitArea.x;
        }
        if (hitArea.y + hitArea.height > this.renderer.height) {
            hitArea.height = this.renderer.height - hitArea.y;
        }
    }
    /**
     * Adds a DisplayObject to the accessibility manager
     *
     * @private
     * @param {PIXI.DisplayObject} displayObject - The child to make accessible.
     */
    addChild(displayObject) {
        //    this.activate();
        let div = this.pool.pop();
        if (!div) {
            div = document.createElement('button');
            div.style.width = `${DIV_TOUCH_SIZE}px`;
            div.style.height = `${DIV_TOUCH_SIZE}px`;
            div.style.backgroundColor = this.debug ? 'rgba(255,255,255,0.5)' : 'transparent';
            div.style.position = 'absolute';
            div.style.zIndex = DIV_TOUCH_ZINDEX.toString();
            div.style.borderStyle = 'none';
            // ARIA attributes ensure that button title and hint updates are announced properly
            if (navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf('chrome') > -1) {
                // Chrome doesn't need aria-live to work as intended; in fact it just gets more confused.
                div.setAttribute('aria-live', 'off');
            }
            else {
                div.setAttribute('aria-live', 'polite');
            }
            if (navigator.userAgent.match(/rv:.*Gecko\//)) {
                // FireFox needs this to announce only the new button name
                div.setAttribute('aria-relevant', 'additions');
            }
            else {
                // required by IE, other browsers don't much care
                div.setAttribute('aria-relevant', 'text');
            }
            div.addEventListener('click', this._onClick.bind(this));
            div.addEventListener('focus', this._onFocus.bind(this));
            div.addEventListener('focusout', this._onFocusOut.bind(this));
        }
        // set pointer events
        div.style.pointerEvents = displayObject.accessiblePointerEvents;
        // set the type, this defaults to button!
        div.type = displayObject.accessibleType;
        if (displayObject.accessibleTitle && displayObject.accessibleTitle !== null) {
            div.title = displayObject.accessibleTitle;
        }
        else if (!displayObject.accessibleHint
            || displayObject.accessibleHint === null) {
            div.title = `displayObject ${displayObject.tabIndex}`;
        }
        if (displayObject.accessibleHint
            && displayObject.accessibleHint !== null) {
            div.setAttribute('aria-label', displayObject.accessibleHint);
        }
        if (this.debug)
            this.updateDebugHTML(div);
        displayObject._accessibleActive = true;
        displayObject._accessibleDiv = div;
        div.displayObject = displayObject;
        this.children.push(displayObject);
        this.div.appendChild(displayObject._accessibleDiv);
        displayObject._accessibleDiv.tabIndex = displayObject.tabIndex;
    }
    /**
     * Maps the div button press to pixi's InteractionManager (click)
     *
     * @private
     * @param {MouseEvent} e - The click event.
     */
    _onClick(e) {
        // TODO: Remove casting when CanvasRenderer is converted
        const interactionManager = this.renderer.plugins.interaction;
        interactionManager.dispatchEvent(e.target.displayObject, 'click', interactionManager.eventData);
        interactionManager.dispatchEvent(e.target.displayObject, 'pointertap', interactionManager.eventData);
        interactionManager.dispatchEvent(e.target.displayObject, 'tap', interactionManager.eventData);
    }
    /**
     * Maps the div focus events to pixi's InteractionManager (mouseover)
     *
     * @private
     * @param {FocusEvent} e - The focus event.
     */
    _onFocus(e) {
        if (!e.target.getAttribute('aria-live')) {
            e.target.setAttribute('aria-live', 'assertive');
        }
        // TODO: Remove casting when CanvasRenderer is converted
        const interactionManager = this.renderer.plugins.interaction;
        interactionManager.dispatchEvent(e.target.displayObject, 'mouseover', interactionManager.eventData);
    }
    /**
     * Maps the div focus events to pixi's InteractionManager (mouseout)
     *
     * @private
     * @param {FocusEvent} e - The focusout event.
     */
    _onFocusOut(e) {
        if (!e.target.getAttribute('aria-live')) {
            e.target.setAttribute('aria-live', 'polite');
        }
        // TODO: Remove casting when CanvasRenderer is converted
        const interactionManager = this.renderer.plugins.interaction;
        interactionManager.dispatchEvent(e.target.displayObject, 'mouseout', interactionManager.eventData);
    }
    /**
     * Is called when a key is pressed
     *
     * @private
     * @param {KeyboardEvent} e - The keydown event.
     */
    _onKeyDown(e) {
        if (e.keyCode !== KEY_CODE_TAB) {
            return;
        }
        this.activate();
    }
    /**
     * Is called when the mouse moves across the renderer element
     *
     * @private
     * @param {MouseEvent} e - The mouse event.
     */
    _onMouseMove(e) {
        if (e.movementX === 0 && e.movementY === 0) {
            return;
        }
        this.deactivate();
    }
    /**
     * Destroys the accessibility manager
     *
     */
    destroy() {
        this.destroyTouchHook();
        this.div = null;
        window.document.removeEventListener('mousemove', this._onMouseMove, true);
        window.removeEventListener('keydown', this._onKeyDown);
        this.pool = null;
        this.children = null;
        this.renderer = null;
    }
}